Laboratory earthquakes
نویسندگان
چکیده
We report on the experimental observation of the phenomenon of, spontaneously nucleated, supershear rupture and on the visualization of the mechanism of subRayleigh to supershear rupture transition in frictionally-held interfaces. The laboratory experiments mimic natural earthquakes. The results suggest that under certain conditions supershear rupture propagation can be facilitated during large earthquakes.
منابع مشابه
Laboratory earthquakes: the sub-Rayleigh-to-supershear rupture transition.
We report on the experimental observation of spontaneously nucleated supershear rupture and on the visualization of sub-Rayleigh-to-supershear rupture transitions in frictionally held interfaces. The laboratory experiments mimic natural earthquakes. The results suggest that under certain conditions supershear rupture propagation can be facilitated during large earthquake events.
متن کاملLaboratory observations of slow earthquakes and the spectrum of tectonic fault slip modes
Slow earthquakes represent an important conundrum in earthquake physics. While regular earthquakes are catastrophic events with rupture velocities governed by elastic wave speed, the processes that underlie slow fault slip phenomena, including recent discoveries of tremor, slow-slip and low-frequency earthquakes, are less understood. Theoretical models and sparse laboratory observations have pr...
متن کاملMicromechanics of asperity rupture during laboratory stick slip experiments
[1] Acoustic emissions and tremor‐like signals are widely recorded in laboratory experiments. We are able to isolate the physical origins of these signals using high resolution nanoseismic analysis. The use of a picometer‐sensitive, wide‐band sensor array permits us to determine force‐time functions and focal mechanisms for discrete events found amid the “noise” of friction, similar to how low ...
متن کاملSlow earthquakes associated with fault healing on a serpentinized plate interface
Slow earthquakes that occur at subduction zones are distinct from regular earthquakes in terms of their slip behavior. We consider this difference to relate to localized hydration reactions at the plate interface that influence the frictional properties. The results of laboratory friction experiments indicate that simulated serpentine faults are characterized by a low healing rate and large sli...
متن کاملDehydration-driven stress transfer triggers intermediate-depth earthquakes
Intermediate-depth earthquakes (30-300 km) have been extensively documented within subducting oceanic slabs, but their mechanics remains enigmatic. Here we decipher the mechanism of these earthquakes by performing deformation experiments on dehydrating serpentinized peridotites (synthetic antigorite-olivine aggregates, minerals representative of subduction zones lithologies) at upper mantle con...
متن کامل